{"id":39656,"date":"2024-08-18T04:31:59","date_gmt":"2024-08-18T01:31:59","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/soracamed.com\/treatment\/nador-oka\/"},"modified":"2025-05-12T20:54:03","modified_gmt":"2025-05-12T17:54:03","slug":"nador-oka","status":"publish","type":"treatment","link":"https:\/\/soracamed.com\/cs\/lecba\/nador-oka\/","title":{"rendered":"N\u00e1dor oka"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p><strong>N\u00e1dor oka Turecko<\/strong>, Melanom je forma rakoviny, kter\u00e1 roste v bu\u0148k\u00e1ch vytv\u00e1\u0159ej\u00edc\u00edch melanin, pigment, kter\u00fd dod\u00e1v\u00e1 k\u016f\u017ei barvu. O\u010di tak\u00e9 produkuj\u00ed melaninov\u00e9 bu\u0148ky, kter\u00e9 mohou zp\u016fsobit melanom. Melanom v o\u010d\u00edch se tak\u00e9 naz\u00fdv\u00e1 o\u010dn\u00ed melanom.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>V\u011bt\u0161ina o\u010dn\u00edch melanom\u016f vznik\u00e1 v oblasti oka, kterou v zrcadle nevid\u00edte. Proto je obt\u00ed\u017en\u00e9 o\u010dn\u00ed melanomy rozpoznat. O\u010dn\u00ed melanom nav\u00edc obvykle nevykazuje \u010dasn\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edznaky nebo zn\u00e1mky.  <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>V p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b melanomu oka jsou k dispozici r\u016fzn\u00e9 mo\u017enosti l\u00e9\u010dby. L\u00e9\u010dba n\u011bkolika mal\u00fdch melanom\u016f oka nemus\u00ed m\u00edt vliv na va\u0161e vid\u011bn\u00ed. L\u00e9\u010dba v\u011bt\u0161\u00edch melanom\u016f oka v\u0161ak obvykle vede k ur\u010dit\u00e9 ztr\u00e1t\u011b zraku.  <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>O\u010dn\u00ed melanom nen\u00ed jedinou p\u0159\u00ed\u010dinou p\u0159\u00edznak\u016f a projev\u016f. Pokud ano, p\u0159\u00edznaky a zn\u00e1mky melanomu oka mohou zahrnovat: <\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Pocit z\u00e1blesk\u016f nebo prachov\u00fdch \u010d\u00e1stic v o\u010d\u00edch (floatery).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Na duhovce se objevuje tmavnouc\u00ed skvrna.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Zm\u011bna tvaru tmav\u00e9ho kruhu (zornice) ve st\u0159edu oka.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Rozmazan\u00e9 nebo \u0161patn\u00e9 vid\u011bn\u00ed na jedno oko<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Periopera\u010dn\u00ed ztr\u00e1ta zraku<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Nen\u00ed jasn\u00e9, co je p\u0159\u00ed\u010dinou vzniku melanomu oka.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Melanom oka je onemocn\u011bn\u00ed, o kter\u00e9m l\u00e9ka\u0159i v\u011bd\u00ed, \u017ee je d\u016fsledkem chybn\u00fdch zm\u011bn v DNA oka. Zdrav\u00e9 o\u010dn\u00ed bu\u0148ky jsou zdrav\u00e9. Chyby v DNA umo\u017e\u0148uj\u00ed bu\u0148k\u00e1m expandovat a mno\u017eit se nad sv\u00e9 limity Zmutovan\u00e9 bu\u0148ky \u017eij\u00ed d\u00e1l, i kdy\u017e norm\u00e1ln\u011b um\u00edraj\u00ed. Posti\u017een\u00e9 bu\u0148ky se hromad\u00ed v oku a vznik\u00e1 melanom oka.   <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>O\u010dn\u00ed melanom je \u010dast\u00fdm lo\u017eiskem v oku.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Melanom oka se obvykle vyskytuje v bu\u0148k\u00e1ch horn\u00ed vrstvy oka (uvea). Uvea se skl\u00e1d\u00e1 ze t\u0159\u00ed slo\u017eek a v\u0161echny mohou b\u00fdt posti\u017eeny o\u010dn\u00edm melanomem: <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Duhovka je barevn\u00e1 \u010d\u00e1st, kter\u00e1 se nach\u00e1z\u00ed v p\u0159edn\u00ed \u010d\u00e1sti oka.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Choroid Vrstva, kter\u00e1 je pojivovou a c\u00e9vn\u00ed tk\u00e1n\u00ed, le\u017e\u00ed mezi skl\u00e9rou a s\u00edtnic\u00ed za uveou.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Cili\u00e1rn\u00ed org\u00e1n, kter\u00fd se nach\u00e1z\u00ed v p\u0159edn\u00ed \u010d\u00e1sti uvey. Vypou\u0161t\u00ed do oka \u010dirou vodu (vodnat\u00fd humor). <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Melanom oka m\u016f\u017ee vzniknout tak\u00e9 ve vn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed vrstv\u011b vnit\u0159n\u00ed strany oka (spojivce) a v o\u010dn\u00edm d\u016flku, kter\u00fd obklopuje o\u010dn\u00ed bulvu, a na v\u00ed\u010dku, ale tyto druhy melanomu oka jsou velmi vz\u00e1cn\u00e9.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Rizikov\u00e9 faktory<\/strong> N\u00e1dor oka<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Faktory, kter\u00e9 zvy\u0161uj\u00ed riziko prim\u00e1rn\u00edho melanomu oka, jsou:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Barva o\u010d\u00ed je sv\u011btl\u00e1. Lid\u00e9 s modr\u00fdma nebo zelen\u00fdma o\u010dima maj\u00ed zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00e9 riziko vzniku melanomu oka. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>To, \u017ee jste b\u011bloch. U b\u011bloch\u016f je riziko vzniku o\u010dn\u00edho melanomu vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e u p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161n\u00edk\u016f jin\u00fdch ras. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>V\u011bkov\u00fd n\u00e1dor oka.<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Riziko vzniku o\u010dn\u00edho melanomu se s p\u0159ib\u00fdvaj\u00edc\u00edm v\u011bkem zvy\u0161uje.<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>N\u011bkter\u00e9 genetick\u00e9 poruchy k\u016f\u017ee. Stav zvan\u00fd syndrom dysplastick\u00fdch n\u00e9v\u016f, jeho\u017e v\u00fdsledkem jsou abnorm\u00e1ln\u00ed mate\u0159sk\u00e1 znam\u00e9nka, m\u016f\u017ee zv\u00fd\u0161it pravd\u011bpodobnost vzniku melanomu, a to jak na k\u016f\u017ei, tak i v oku. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Krom\u011b toho je vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed pravd\u011bpodobnost vzniku o\u010dn\u00edho melanomu tak\u00e9 u osob s atypickou pigmentac\u00ed k\u016f\u017ee o\u010dn\u00edch v\u00ed\u010dek a p\u0159ilehl\u00fdch tk\u00e1n\u00ed a se zv\u00fd\u0161enou pigmentac\u00ed uvey, zn\u00e1mou tak\u00e9 jako o\u010dn\u00ed melanocyt\u00f3za.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Expozice ultrafialov\u00e9mu (UV) z\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed.<\/strong><br>\u00daloha, kterou hraje expozice ultrafialov\u00e9mu z\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed p\u0159i vzniku o\u010dn\u00edho melanomu, nen\u00ed jasn\u00e1. Existuj\u00ed d\u016fkazy, kter\u00e9 nazna\u010duj\u00ed, \u017ee expozice UV z\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed, jako je sv\u011btlo ze slunce nebo sol\u00e1ria, m\u016f\u017ee zv\u00fd\u0161it pravd\u011bpodobnost vzniku melanomu oka. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>N\u011bkter\u00e9 genetick\u00e9 zm\u011bny. N\u011bkter\u00e9 geny p\u0159ed\u00e1van\u00e9 z rodi\u010d\u016f na d\u011bti mohou zp\u016fsobit zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed pravd\u011bpodobnosti vzniku melanomu oka. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Komplikace o\u010dn\u00edho melanomu mohou b\u00fdt:<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Zvy\u0161uje se tlak v o\u010d\u00edch (glaukom). Rozv\u00edjej\u00edc\u00ed se melanom oka m\u016f\u017ee zp\u016fsobit rozvoj glaukomu. Mezi p\u0159\u00edznaky glaukomu m\u016f\u017ee pat\u0159it bolest a otok oka a rozmazan\u00e9 vid\u011bn\u00ed.  <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ztr\u00e1ta zraku. Velk\u00e9 <a href=\"https:\/\/soracamed.com\/treatments\/ocni-operace\/\"><strong>o\u010dn\u00ed <\/strong><\/a>melanomy \u010dasto zp\u016fsobuj\u00ed ztr\u00e1tu zraku posti\u017een\u00e9ho oka. Mohou tak\u00e9 zp\u016fsobit komplikace, nap\u0159\u00edklad odchl\u00edpen\u00ed s\u00edtnice. To m\u016f\u017ee m\u00edt za n\u00e1sledek i ztr\u00e1tu zraku.   <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Mal\u00e9 o\u010dn\u00ed melanomy mohou zp\u016fsobit ur\u010ditou ztr\u00e1tu zraku, pokud se nach\u00e1zej\u00ed v kritick\u00fdch oblastech o\u010d\u00ed. Je mo\u017en\u00e9, \u017ee budete m\u00edt pot\u00ed\u017ee s vid\u011bn\u00edm uprost\u0159ed sv\u00e9ho zorn\u00e9ho pole nebo po stran\u00e1ch. Pokro\u010dil\u00e9 o\u010dn\u00ed melanomy mohou zp\u016fsobit \u00faplnou ztr\u00e1tu zraku.  <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>O\u010dn\u00ed melanom, kter\u00fd p\u0159esahuje o\u010dn\u00ed okol\u00ed. Melanom oka se m\u016f\u017ee roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159it i mimo oko a zas\u00e1hnout i jin\u00e9 \u010d\u00e1sti t\u011bla, v\u010detn\u011b plic, jater a dokonce i kost\u00ed. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Pro diagnostiku melanomu oka v\u00e1m l\u00e9ka\u0159 m\u016f\u017ee doporu\u010dit:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>O\u010dn\u00ed vy\u0161et\u0159en\u00ed. L\u00e9ka\u0159 prohl\u00e9dne vn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed stranu o\u010d\u00ed a bude p\u00e1trat po roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00fdch c\u00e9v\u00e1ch, co\u017e m\u016f\u017ee znamenat n\u00e1dor v oku. Pot\u00e9 l\u00e9ka\u0159 pomoc\u00ed r\u016fzn\u00fdch n\u00e1stroj\u016f vy\u0161et\u0159\u00ed vnit\u0159ek oka.  <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Metoda ozna\u010dovan\u00e1 jako binokul\u00e1rn\u00ed nep\u0159\u00edm\u00e1 oftalmoskopie vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 \u010do\u010dky a jasn\u00e9 sv\u011btlo, kter\u00e9 je um\u00edst\u011bno na \u010dele l\u00e9ka\u0159e, n\u011bco podobn\u00e9ho jako lampa pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00e1 horn\u00edky. Jin\u00e1 technika, ozna\u010dovan\u00e1 jako biomikroskopie \u0161t\u011brbinovou lampou, vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 \u010do\u010dky a mikroskop, kter\u00fd vytv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed intenzivn\u00ed sv\u011bteln\u00fd paprsek, jen\u017e osv\u011btluje vnit\u0159n\u00ed i vn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed stranu o\u010d\u00ed. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>O\u010dn\u00ed ultrazvuk. O\u010dn\u00ed ultrazvuk vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 vysokofrekven\u010dn\u00ed zvukov\u00e9 vlny generovan\u00e9 ru\u010dn\u00edm za\u0159\u00edzen\u00edm podobn\u00fdm h\u016flce, zn\u00e1m\u00fdm jako sn\u00edma\u010d, k vytvo\u0159en\u00ed obrazu va\u0161ich o\u010d\u00ed. Sn\u00edma\u010d je um\u00edst\u011bn v zav\u0159en\u00fdch o\u010dn\u00edch v\u00ed\u010dk\u00e1ch nebo na p\u0159edn\u00ed stran\u011b oka.  <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Zobrazen\u00ed c\u00e9v, kter\u00e9 obklopuj\u00ed n\u00e1dor (angiogram). B\u011bhem angiogramu v oku se do \u017e\u00edly v pa\u017ei vst\u0159\u00edkne barevn\u00e9 inkoustov\u00e9 barvivo. Barvivo se vst\u0159\u00edkne do c\u00e9v uvnit\u0159 oka.  <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Fotoapar\u00e1t vybaven\u00fd filtry, kter\u00e9 detekuj\u00ed barvivo, bude po\u0159izovat sn\u00edmky z\u00e1blesku ka\u017ed\u00fdch p\u00e1r sekund po dobu n\u011bkolika minut.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Optick\u00fd koheren\u010dn\u00ed test. Zobrazovac\u00ed test po\u0159izuje sn\u00edmky r\u016fzn\u00fdch \u010d\u00e1st\u00ed uve\u00e1ln\u00edho traktu a s\u00edtnice. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Odebr\u00e1n\u00ed vzorku podez\u0159el\u00e9 tk\u00e1n\u011b k vy\u0161et\u0159en\u00ed. V n\u011bkter\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edpadech m\u016f\u017ee l\u00e9ka\u0159 navrhnout operaci k odebr\u00e1n\u00ed vzorku tk\u00e1n\u011b (biopsie) z va\u0161eho oka. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>K odb\u011bru vzorku z oka se do oka zavede jemn\u00e1 jehla, kterou se odebere podez\u0159el\u00e1 tk\u00e1\u0148. Tk\u00e1\u0148 se pot\u00e9 vy\u0161et\u0159\u00ed v laborato\u0159i, aby se zjistilo, zda se jedn\u00e1 o o\u010dn\u00ed melanom. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ke zji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed, zda m\u00e1te o\u010dn\u00ed melanom, nen\u00ed obvykle nutn\u00e1 biopsie oka.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Zji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed, zda se rakovina uchytila a roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159ila.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>V\u00e1\u0161 l\u00e9ka\u0159 v\u00e1m m\u016f\u017ee doporu\u010dit dal\u0161\u00ed vy\u0161et\u0159en\u00ed a postupy, aby zjistil, zda se melanom roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159il (metast\u00e1zoval) do jin\u00fdch \u010d\u00e1st\u00ed t\u011bla. Tato vy\u0161et\u0159en\u00ed by mohla zahrnovat: <\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Vy\u0161et\u0159en\u00ed krve ke zji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed funkce jater<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Rentgenov\u00fd sn\u00edmek hrudn\u00edku<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Po\u010d\u00edta\u010dov\u00e1 tomografie (CT)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Zobrazen\u00ed magnetickou rezonanc\u00ed (MRI)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Ultrazvuk b\u0159icha<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Vy\u0161et\u0159en\u00ed pozitronovou emisn\u00ed tomografi\u00ed (PET)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">L\u00e9\u010dba o\u010dn\u00edho n\u00e1doru Turecko<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Mo\u017enosti l\u00e9\u010dby o\u010dn\u00edho melanomu z\u00e1vis\u00ed na m\u00edst\u011b, velikosti a um\u00edst\u011bn\u00ed melanomu v oku a tak\u00e9 na va\u0161em celkov\u00e9m zdravotn\u00edm stavu a preferenc\u00edch.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>V procesu l\u00e9\u010dby melanom\u016f v oku mal\u00e9 velikosti.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Mal\u00fd melanom v oku nemus\u00ed vy\u017eadovat okam\u017eitou l\u00e9\u010dbu. Pokud se melanom jev\u00ed jako mal\u00fd a neroste, m\u016f\u017eete se s l\u00e9ka\u0159em rozhodnout l\u00e9\u010dbu odlo\u017eit a hledat n\u00e1znaky r\u016fstu. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Pokud se melanom zv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed nebo zp\u016fsobuje pot\u00ed\u017ee, je mo\u017en\u00e9 v tuto chv\u00edli podstoupit l\u00e9\u010dbu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Terapie oza\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00edm<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Radioterapie vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 ke zni\u010den\u00ed rakovinn\u00fdch bun\u011bk siln\u00e9 zdroje energie, jako jsou protony nebo gama z\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed. Tato l\u00e9\u010dba se obvykle pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 u st\u0159edn\u011b velk\u00fdch a\u017e mal\u00fdch melanom\u016f oka. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Z\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed je obvykle sm\u011brov\u00e1no na n\u00e1dor um\u00edst\u011bn\u00edm radioaktivn\u00ed desti\u010dky na oko p\u0159\u00edmo nad n\u00e1dorem, co\u017e je proces zn\u00e1m\u00fd jako brachyterapie. Desti\u010dka je zaji\u0161t\u011bna do\u010dasn\u00fdmi stehy. Plaketa p\u0159ipom\u00edn\u00e1 uz\u00e1v\u011br l\u00e1hve a je napln\u011bna mnoha radioaktivn\u00edmi semeny. Plaketa se p\u0159ed odstran\u011bn\u00edm ponech\u00e1 na m\u00edst\u011b po dobu 4 a\u017e 5 dn\u016f.   <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Z\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt generov\u00e1no p\u0159\u00edstrojem, kter\u00fd vys\u00edl\u00e1 z\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed, nap\u0159\u00edklad protonov\u00e9 paprsky, p\u0159\u00edmo do o\u010d\u00ed (extern\u00ed z\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed zn\u00e1m\u00e9 tak\u00e9 jako teleterapie). Tento druh l\u00e9\u010dby obvykle prob\u00edh\u00e1 n\u011bkolik dn\u00ed. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Laserov\u00e1 l\u00e9\u010dba<\/strong> o\u010dn\u00edho n\u00e1doru Turecko<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Alternativou je za ur\u010dit\u00fdch okolnost\u00ed pou\u017eit\u00ed laseru k usmrcen\u00ed melanomov\u00fdch bun\u011bk. Jedna z forem l\u00e9\u010dby pomoc\u00ed laseru, zn\u00e1m\u00e1 jako termoterapie, vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 infra\u010derven\u00fd laser. \u010casto se pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 v kombinaci s radioterapi\u00ed.  <\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Fotodynamick\u00e1 terapie<\/strong> n\u00e1dor\u016f oka<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Fotodynamick\u00e1 terapie kombinuje l\u00e9ky pomoc\u00ed specifick\u00e9 vlnov\u00e9 d\u00e9lky sv\u011btla. L\u00e9ky zp\u016fsobuj\u00ed, \u017ee rakovinn\u00e9 bu\u0148ky jsou citliv\u00e9 na sv\u011btlo. L\u00e9\u010dba zp\u016fsobuje po\u0161kozen\u00ed c\u00e9v a bun\u011bk, kter\u00e9 tvo\u0159\u00ed melanom oka. Fotodynamick\u00e1 terapie je l\u00e9\u010dba, kter\u00e1 se pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 u men\u0161\u00edch n\u00e1dor\u016f, proto\u017ee u v\u011bt\u0161\u00edch n\u00e1dor\u016f nen\u00ed \u00fa\u010dinn\u00e1.   <\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>L\u00e9\u010dba chladem<\/strong> N\u00e1dor oka<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>K usmrcen\u00ed melanomov\u00fdch bun\u011bk v n\u011bkter\u00fdch o\u010dn\u00edch melanomech lze pou\u017e\u00edt extr\u00e9mn\u00ed chlad (kryoterapii), kter\u00e1 se v\u0161ak nepou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 \u010dasto.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Chirurgie<\/strong> n\u00e1doru oka Turecko<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>L\u00e9\u010dba o\u010dn\u00edho melanomu m\u016f\u017ee zahrnovat z\u00e1kroky, p\u0159i nich\u017e se odstran\u00ed \u010d\u00e1st oka, nebo odstran\u011bn\u00ed cel\u00e9ho oka. Postup, kter\u00fd podstoup\u00edte, bude z\u00e1viset na rozsahu a poloze melanomu oka. Mezi mo\u017enosti pat\u0159\u00ed:  <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Chirurgick\u00e9 odstran\u011bn\u00ed melanomu a mal\u00e9ho mno\u017estv\u00ed melanomu ve zdrav\u00fdch tk\u00e1n\u00edch. Chirurgick\u00e9 odstran\u011bn\u00ed melanomu spolu s tenkou vrstvou zdrav\u00e9 tk\u00e1n\u011b, kter\u00e1 ho obklopuje, by mohlo b\u00fdt mo\u017enost\u00ed l\u00e9\u010dby melanom\u016f, kter\u00e9 jsou mal\u00e9. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Postup vyjmut\u00ed cel\u00fdch o\u010d\u00ed (enukleace). <\/strong><strong><br><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Enucleace se b\u011b\u017en\u011b pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 k l\u00e9\u010db\u011b velk\u00fdch o\u010dn\u00edch n\u00e1dor\u016f. Je mo\u017en\u00e1 tak\u00e9 v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b, \u017ee rakovina zp\u016fsobuje nep\u0159\u00edjemn\u00e9 pocity v o\u010d\u00edch. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Po odstran\u011bn\u00ed oka, kter\u00e9 trp\u00ed rakovinou, se na stejn\u00e9 m\u00edsto vlo\u017e\u00ed implant\u00e1t a svaly zodpov\u011bdn\u00e9 za ovl\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed pohybu oka se propoj\u00ed s implant\u00e1tem. To umo\u017e\u0148uje pohyb implant\u00e1tu. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Po zotaven\u00ed je vytvo\u0159eno um\u011bl\u00e9 oko (prot\u00e9za). P\u0159edn\u00ed \u010d\u00e1st um\u011bl\u00e9ho oka je vyrobena tak, aby odpov\u00eddala barv\u011b va\u0161eho sou\u010dasn\u00e9ho oka. <br><br><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u010casto kladen\u00e9 ot\u00e1zky <\/strong>O\u010dn\u00ed n\u00e1dor Turecko<\/h2>\n\n\n<div id=\"rank-math-faq\" class=\"rank-math-block\">\n<div class=\"rank-math-list \">\n<div id=\"faq-question-1723944630897\" class=\"rank-math-list-item\">\n<h3 class=\"rank-math-question \"><strong>Je operace n\u00e1doru oka bolestiv\u00e1?<\/strong><\/h3>\n<div class=\"rank-math-answer \">\n\n<p>P\u0159i operaci o\u010d\u00ed se obvykle pod\u00e1v\u00e1 celkov\u00e1 anestezie. Jste tedy v bezv\u011bdom\u00ed a b\u011bhem operace nic nec\u00edt\u00edte. <\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"faq-question-1723944644851\" class=\"rank-math-list-item\">\n<h3 class=\"rank-math-question \"><strong>Jak z\u00e1va\u017en\u00fd je n\u00e1dor za okem?<\/strong><\/h3>\n<div class=\"rank-math-answer \">\n\n<p>Krom\u011b po\u0161kozen\u00ed zraku se zhoubn\u00e9 o\u010dn\u00ed n\u00e1dory mohou roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159it do zrakov\u00e9ho nervu, mozku a zbytku t\u011bla. Proto je nesm\u00edrn\u011b d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e1 v\u010dasn\u00e1 diagnostika a l\u00e9\u010dba. <\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"faq-question-1723944652686\" class=\"rank-math-list-item\">\n<h3 class=\"rank-math-question \"><strong>Jsou o\u010dn\u00ed n\u00e1dory l\u00e9\u010diteln\u00e9?<\/strong><\/h3>\n<div class=\"rank-math-answer \">\n\n<p>N\u00e1dory na povrchu oka lze l\u00e9\u010dit lok\u00e1ln\u00ed chemoterapi\u00ed, c\u00edlenou l\u00e9\u010dbou, oza\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00edm nebo chirurgick\u00fdm odstran\u011bn\u00edm. Typickou l\u00e9\u010dbou n\u00e1dor\u016f uvnit\u0159 oka je oza\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed ve form\u011b brachyterapie. Ta se nej\u010dast\u011bji pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 u uve\u00e1ln\u00edho melanomu, ale lze ji pou\u017e\u00edt i u jin\u00fdch druh\u016f rakoviny oka.  <\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"faq-question-1723944665549\" class=\"rank-math-list-item\">\n<h3 class=\"rank-math-question \"><strong>M\u016f\u017eete p\u0159e\u017e\u00edt o\u010dn\u00ed n\u00e1dor?<\/strong><\/h3>\n<div class=\"rank-math-answer \">\n\n<p>p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b devades\u00e1t p\u011bt ze sta (p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 95 %) pacient\u016f p\u0159e\u017eije rakovinu jeden rok nebo d\u00e9le po stanoven\u00ed diagn\u00f3zy. Osmdes\u00e1t lid\u00ed ze sta (80 %) p\u0159e\u017eije rakovinu p\u011bt a v\u00edce let po stanoven\u00ed diagn\u00f3zy. <\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"faq-question-1723944680316\" class=\"rank-math-list-item\">\n<h3 class=\"rank-math-question \"><strong>Mohou b\u00fdt o\u010dn\u00ed n\u00e1dory nezhoubn\u00e9?<\/strong><\/h3>\n<div class=\"rank-math-answer \">\n\n<p>Nen\u00e1dorov\u00fd (nezhoubn\u00fd) n\u00e1dor oka je n\u00e1dor, kter\u00fd se ne\u0161\u00ed\u0159\u00ed do jin\u00fdch \u010d\u00e1st\u00ed t\u011bla. Nen\u00e1dorov\u00e9 n\u00e1dory obvykle neohro\u017euj\u00ed \u017eivot. Nen\u00e1dorov\u00e9 n\u00e1dory oka maj\u00ed mnoho stejn\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edznak\u016f.  <\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>N\u00e1dor oka Turecko, Melanom je forma rakoviny, kter\u00e1 roste v bu\u0148k\u00e1ch vytv\u00e1\u0159ej\u00edc\u00edch melanin, pigment, kter\u00fd dod\u00e1v\u00e1 k\u016f\u017ei barvu. O\u010di tak\u00e9 produkuj\u00ed melaninov\u00e9 bu\u0148ky, kter\u00e9 mohou zp\u016fsobit melanom. Melanom v o\u010d\u00edch se tak\u00e9 naz\u00fdv\u00e1 o\u010dn\u00ed melanom. V\u011bt\u0161ina o\u010dn\u00edch melanom\u016f vznik\u00e1 v oblasti oka, kterou v zrcadle nevid\u00edte. Proto je obt\u00ed\u017en\u00e9 o\u010dn\u00ed melanomy rozpoznat. O\u010dn\u00ed melanom nav\u00edc [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"featured_media":39657,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"set","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}}},"class_list":["post-39656","treatment","type-treatment","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","treatments-ocni-operace"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/soracamed.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/treatment\/39656","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/soracamed.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/treatment"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/soracamed.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/treatment"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/soracamed.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=39656"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/soracamed.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/39657"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/soracamed.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=39656"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}