prohl\u00eddky<\/a><\/strong>, kter\u00e9 zahrnuj\u00ed m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed tlaku v oku. Pokud se glaukom poda\u0159\u00ed odhalit v \u010dasn\u00fdch st\u00e1di\u00edch, lze ztr\u00e1tu zraku zastavit nebo j\u00ed p\u0159edej\u00edt. Pokud trp\u00edte glaukomem, budete pot\u0159ebovat l\u00e9\u010dbu nebo sledov\u00e1n\u00ed po cel\u00fd \u017eivot. <\/p>\n\nP\u0159\u00edznaky a symptomy glaukomu z\u00e1vis\u00ed na z\u00e1va\u017enosti a typu onemocn\u011bn\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n
Glaukom s otev\u0159en\u00fdm \u00fahlem<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n- V po\u010d\u00e1te\u010dn\u00edch stadi\u00edch nemoci nejsou \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edznaky.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- Postupn\u011b se v\u00e1m v bo\u010dn\u00edm vid\u011bn\u00ed objev\u00ed slep\u00e9 skvrny. Bo\u010dn\u00ed vid\u011bn\u00ed se tak\u00e9 ozna\u010duje jako perifern\u00ed vid\u011bn\u00ed. <\/li>\n\n\n\n
- V pozd\u011bj\u0161\u00edm v\u011bku m\u016f\u017eete m\u00edt pot\u00ed\u017ee s vid\u011bn\u00edm v\u011bc\u00ed, kter\u00e9 jsou v centru va\u0161eho pohledu.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n
Akutn\u00ed glaukom s uzav\u0159en\u00fdm \u00fahlem<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n- Siln\u00e1 bolest hlavy<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- Siln\u00e1 bolest o\u010d\u00ed<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- Nevolnost nebo zvracen\u00ed<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- Rozmazan\u00e9 vid\u011bn\u00ed<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- Halo, neboli barevn\u00e9 kruhy, kter\u00e9 obklopuj\u00ed sv\u011btla.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- Zarudnut\u00ed o\u010d\u00ed<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n
Glaukom s norm\u00e1ln\u00edm nap\u011bt\u00edm<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n- V po\u010d\u00e1te\u010dn\u00edch stadi\u00edch nemoci nejsou \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edznaky.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- Postupn\u011b rozmazan\u00e9 vid\u011bn\u00ed se postupn\u011b rozmaz\u00e1v\u00e1.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- V pozd\u011bj\u0161\u00ed dob\u011b doch\u00e1z\u00ed ke ztr\u00e1t\u011b bo\u010dn\u00edho vid\u011bn\u00ed<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n
Glaukom u d\u011bt\u00ed<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n- Matn\u00e9 nebo zakalen\u00e9 o\u010di (kojenci)<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- Zvy\u0161uje se frekvence mrk\u00e1n\u00ed (kojenci)<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- Slzy, kter\u00e9 nepl\u00e1\u010dou (kojenci)<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- Rozmazan\u00e9 vid\u011bn\u00ed<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- Stav se zhor\u0161uje<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- Bolesti hlavy<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n
Glaukom s pigmentac\u00ed<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n- Hal\u00f3 kolem sv\u011btel<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- Cvi\u010den\u00ed m\u016f\u017ee rozost\u0159it vid\u011bn\u00ed.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- Postupn\u00e1 ztr\u00e1ta bo\u010dn\u00edho vid\u011bn\u00ed<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n
Kdy byste m\u011bli nav\u0161t\u00edvit l\u00e9ka\u0159e?<\/strong><\/h2>\n\nPokud se u v\u00e1s p\u0159\u00edznaky objevuj\u00ed n\u00e1hle, m\u016f\u017eete trp\u011bt z\u00e1va\u017en\u00fdm glaukomem s uzav\u0159en\u00fdm \u00fahlem. Mezi p\u0159\u00edznaky pat\u0159\u00ed siln\u00e9 bolesti hlavy a siln\u00e1 bolest o\u010d\u00ed. L\u00e9\u010dbu je t\u0159eba vyhledat co nejd\u0159\u00edve. Okam\u017eit\u011b nav\u0161tivte pohotovost nebo zavolejte do ordinace o\u010dn\u00edho l\u00e9ka\u0159e (oftalmologa). <\/p>\n\n
N\u00e1\u0161 l\u00e9ka\u0159 projde va\u0161i anamn\u00e9zu a provede rozs\u00e1hl\u00e9 o\u010dn\u00ed vy\u0161et\u0159en\u00ed. L\u00e9ka\u0159 m\u016f\u017ee prov\u00e9st \u0159adu vy\u0161et\u0159en\u00ed, jako nap\u0159.: <\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n- M\u011b\u0159en\u00ed nitroo\u010dn\u00edho tlaku se tak\u00e9 naz\u00fdv\u00e1 tonometrie.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- Vy\u0161et\u0159en\u00ed po\u0161kozen\u00ed zrakov\u00e9ho nervu pomoc\u00ed vy\u0161et\u0159en\u00ed o\u010d\u00ed roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159enou \u010do\u010dkou a zobrazovac\u00edch test\u016f.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- Hled\u00e1n\u00ed oblast\u00ed se ztr\u00e1tou zraku Zn\u00e1m\u00e9 tak\u00e9 jako test zorn\u00e9ho pole<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- M\u011b\u0159en\u00ed tlou\u0161\u0165ky rohovky pomoc\u00ed vy\u0161et\u0159en\u00ed zvan\u00e9ho pachymetrie.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- Vy\u0161et\u0159uje se dren\u00e1\u017en\u00ed \u00fahel, ozna\u010dovan\u00fd tak\u00e9 jako gonioskopie.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n
L\u00e9\u010dba<\/strong><\/h3>\n\nPo\u0161kozen\u00ed oka zp\u016fsoben\u00e9 glaukomem nelze zvr\u00e1tit. L\u00e9\u010dba a pravideln\u00e9 o\u010dn\u00ed prohl\u00eddky v\u0161ak mohou zpomalit nebo zastavit ztr\u00e1tu zraku, zejm\u00e9na pokud je onemocn\u011bn\u00ed diagnostikov\u00e1no v\u010das. <\/p>\n\n
Glaukom se l\u00e9\u010d\u00ed sn\u00ed\u017een\u00edm tlaku v oku. Mezi mo\u017enosti l\u00e9\u010dby pat\u0159\u00ed o\u010dn\u00ed kapky p\u0159edepsan\u00e9 l\u00e9ka\u0159em a peror\u00e1ln\u00ed l\u00e9ky a laserov\u00e1 l\u00e9\u010dba, chirurgick\u00e9 z\u00e1kroky a tak\u00e9 kombinace l\u00e9\u010dby. <\/p>\n\n
O\u010dn\u00ed kapky<\/strong><\/h3>\n\nL\u00e9\u010dba glaukomu obvykle za\u010d\u00edn\u00e1 p\u0159edepsan\u00fdmi o\u010dn\u00edmi kapkami. N\u011bkter\u00e9 z nich mohou sn\u00ed\u017eit o\u010dn\u00ed tlak t\u00edm, \u017ee zlep\u0161\u00ed odv\u00e1d\u011bn\u00ed tekutiny z o\u010d\u00ed. N\u011bkter\u00e9 mohou sn\u00ed\u017eit mno\u017estv\u00ed tekutiny, kterou va\u0161e oko produkuje. Podle toho, jakou \u00farove\u0148 tlaku v oku pot\u0159ebujete, v\u00e1m m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt pod\u00e1no v\u00edce o\u010dn\u00edch kapek. <\/p>\n\n
Mezi l\u00e9ky na o\u010dn\u00ed kapky na p\u0159edpis pat\u0159\u00ed:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n- Prostaglandiny.<\/strong> Ty zvy\u0161uj\u00ed exudaci tekutiny v oku a pom\u00e1haj\u00ed sni\u017eovat o\u010dn\u00ed tlak. Pat\u0159\u00ed mezi n\u011b latanoprost (Xalatan), travoprost (Travatan Z), tafluprost (Zioptan), bimatoprost (Lumigan) a latanoprosten bunod (Vyzulta). <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n
Mo\u017en\u00fdmi ne\u017e\u00e1douc\u00edmi \u00fa\u010dinky jsou m\u00edrn\u00e9 podr\u00e1\u017ed\u011bn\u00ed a zarudnut\u00ed o\u010d\u00ed, ztmavnut\u00ed duhovky, ztmavnut\u00ed barvy \u0159as nebo k\u016f\u017ee o\u010dn\u00edch v\u00ed\u010dek a rozmazan\u00e9 vid\u011bn\u00ed. T\u0159\u00edda l\u00e9\u010div\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edpravk\u016f se doporu\u010duje pou\u017e\u00edvat jednou denn\u011b. <\/p>\n\n
\n- Beta-blok\u00e1tory.<\/strong> Ty sni\u017euj\u00ed produkci tekutin v oku a pom\u00e1haj\u00ed sni\u017eovat tlak v oku. P\u0159\u00edkladem jsou timolol (Betimol, Istalol, Timoptic) a betaxolol (Betoptic S). <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n
Mo\u017en\u00fdmi ne\u017e\u00e1douc\u00edmi \u00fa\u010dinky jsou pot\u00ed\u017ee s d\u00fdch\u00e1n\u00edm, zpomalen\u00ed srde\u010dn\u00ed frekvence, sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed krevn\u00edho tlaku, \u00fanava a impotence. Tato t\u0159\u00edda l\u00e9k\u016f m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt p\u0159edeps\u00e1na jednounebo dvakr\u00e1t denn\u011b na z\u00e1klad\u011b va\u0161eho zdravotn\u00edho stavu. <\/p>\n\n
\n- Alfa-adrenergn\u00ed agonist\u00e9.<\/strong> Sni\u017euj\u00ed produkci tekutiny, kter\u00e1 proch\u00e1z\u00ed vnit\u0159n\u00ed v\u00fdstelkou oka. Zlep\u0161uj\u00ed tak\u00e9 pr\u016ftok tekutin v oku. P\u0159\u00edkladem jsou apraklonidin (Iopidin) a brimonidin (Alphagan P a Qoliana). <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n
Mo\u017en\u00fdmi ne\u017e\u00e1douc\u00edmi \u00fa\u010dinky jsou nepravideln\u00e1 srde\u010dn\u00ed frekvence a krevn\u00ed tlak. Mezi dal\u0161\u00ed mo\u017en\u00e9 ne\u017e\u00e1douc\u00ed \u00fa\u010dinky pat\u0159\u00ed \u00fanava a zarudl\u00e9, sv\u011bd\u00edc\u00ed nebo otekl\u00e9 o\u010di a sucho v \u00fastech. Tento druh l\u00e9ku se obvykle p\u0159edepisuje k u\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed dvakr\u00e1t denn\u011b, ale n\u011bkdy se ordinuje alespo\u0148 t\u0159ikr\u00e1t denn\u011b. <\/p>\n\n
\n- Inhibitory karboanhydr\u00e1zy.<\/strong> Tyto l\u00e9ky sni\u017euj\u00ed produkci tekutiny v oku. Mezi n\u011b pat\u0159\u00ed nap\u0159\u00edklad dorzolamid a brinzolamid (Azopt). Mezi mo\u017en\u00e9 ne\u017e\u00e1douc\u00ed \u00fa\u010dinky m\u016f\u017ee pat\u0159it kovov\u00e1 chu\u0165 a \u010dast\u00e1 pot\u0159eba mo\u010den\u00ed a brn\u011bn\u00ed prst\u016f na nohou a rukou. Tato t\u0159\u00edda l\u00e9k\u016f se obvykle p\u0159edepisuje k u\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed dvakr\u00e1t denn\u011b, ale lze ji p\u0159edepsat i t\u0159ikr\u00e1t denn\u011b. <\/li>\n\n\n\n
- Inhibitor Rho kin\u00e1zy.<\/strong> Tento l\u00e9k sni\u017euje o\u010dn\u00ed tlak t\u00edm, \u017ee redukuje enzymy Rho kin\u00e1zy, kter\u00e9 zp\u016fsobuj\u00ed zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed tekutiny. Je dostupn\u00fd ve form\u011b netarsudilu (Rhopressa) a doporu\u010duje se u\u017e\u00edvat jednou denn\u011b. Podr\u00e1\u017ed\u011bn\u00ed a zarudnut\u00ed o\u010d\u00ed. <\/li>\n\n\n\n
- Cholinergn\u00ed nebo miotick\u00fd p\u0159\u00edpravek.<\/strong> Ty zvy\u0161uj\u00ed odtok tekutiny z oka. P\u0159\u00edkladem je pilokarpin (Isopto Carpine). Mezi jeho ne\u017e\u00e1douc\u00ed \u00fa\u010dinky pat\u0159\u00ed bolest o\u010d\u00ed, bolest o\u010d\u00ed, sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed zornic, matn\u00e9 nebo rozmazan\u00e9 vid\u011bn\u00ed a kr\u00e1tkozrakost. Tento typ l\u00e9ku se obvykle p\u0159edepisuje nejm\u00e9n\u011b \u010dty\u0159ikr\u00e1t denn\u011b. Vzhledem k mo\u017en\u00fdm ne\u017e\u00e1douc\u00edm n\u00e1sledk\u016fm a nutnosti \u010dast\u00e9ho u\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed b\u011bhem dne se tyto l\u00e9ky ji\u017e \u010dasto nep\u0159edepisuj\u00ed. <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n
Proto\u017ee se \u010d\u00e1st l\u00e9ku na o\u010di vst\u0159eb\u00e1v\u00e1 do krevn\u00edho ob\u011bhu, mohly by se u v\u00e1s vyskytnout ne\u017e\u00e1douc\u00ed \u00fa\u010dinky, kter\u00e9 nesouvisej\u00ed s va\u0161\u00edm okem. Abyste omezili vst\u0159eb\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed tohoto l\u00e9ku, m\u011bli byste po aplikaci kapek zav\u0159\u00edt o\u010di na dobu 1 a\u017e 2 minut. Tak\u00e9 m\u016f\u017eete na jednu a\u017e dv\u011b minuty p\u0159itla\u010dit na koutky oka u nosu, aby se uzav\u0159el slzn\u00fd kan\u00e1lek. Nepot\u0159ebn\u00e9 kapky z v\u00ed\u010dka odstra\u0148te. <\/p>\n\n
Je mo\u017en\u00e9, \u017ee jste dostali n\u011bkolik kapek do o\u010d\u00ed nebo m\u00e1te pou\u017e\u00edvat um\u011bl\u00e9 slzy. Mezi aplikac\u00ed r\u016fzn\u00fdch kapek byste si m\u011bli ud\u011blat p\u0159est\u00e1vku alespo\u0148 p\u011bt minut. <\/p>\n\n
Peror\u00e1ln\u00ed l\u00e9ky<\/strong><\/p>\n\nO\u010dn\u00ed kapky samy o sob\u011b nemohou sn\u00ed\u017eit o\u010dn\u00ed tlak na po\u017eadovanou \u00farove\u0148. O\u010dn\u00ed l\u00e9ka\u0159 v\u00e1m proto m\u016f\u017ee p\u0159edepsat peror\u00e1ln\u00ed l\u00e9k. Obvykle se jedn\u00e1 o l\u00e9k, kter\u00fd inhibuje karboanhydr\u00e1zu. N\u011bkter\u00e9 mo\u017en\u00e9 ne\u017e\u00e1douc\u00ed \u00fa\u010dinky jsou \u010dast\u00e9 mo\u010den\u00ed a brn\u011bn\u00ed prst\u016f na nohou a rukou nevolnost, deprese nebo ledvinov\u00e9 kameny. <\/p>\n\n
L\u00e9\u010dba jin\u00fdch onemocn\u011bn\u00ed a operace<\/strong><\/h2>\n\nMezi dal\u0161\u00ed mo\u017enosti l\u00e9\u010dby pat\u0159\u00ed chirurgick\u00fd z\u00e1krok a laserov\u00e1 terapie. Tyto techniky mohou pomoci odstranit tekutinu z oka a tak\u00e9 sn\u00ed\u017eit tlak: <\/p>\n\n
\n- Laserov\u00e1 terapie.<\/strong> Laserov\u00e1 trabekuloplastika (truh-BEK-u-low-plas-tee) je mo\u017enost\u00ed, pokud nesnesete o\u010dn\u00ed kapky. Tak\u00e9 ji lze vyu\u017e\u00edt, pokud l\u00e9ky nepomohly zpomalit progresi va\u0161eho onemocn\u011bn\u00ed. O\u010dn\u00ed l\u00e9ka\u0159 v\u00e1m tak\u00e9 m\u016f\u017ee p\u0159ed aplikac\u00ed o\u010dn\u00edch kapek navrhnout laserovou operaci. Z\u00e1krok se prov\u00e1d\u00ed v ordinaci o\u010dn\u00edho l\u00e9ka\u0159e. O\u010dn\u00ed l\u00e9ka\u0159 pou\u017eije mal\u00e9 lasery ke zlep\u0161en\u00ed odtoku vody z tk\u00e1n\u00ed, kter\u00e9 se nach\u00e1zej\u00ed v \u00fahlu, kde se st\u00fdk\u00e1 rohovka a duhovka. M\u016f\u017ee trvat n\u011bkolik t\u00fddn\u016f, ne\u017e se projev\u00ed celkov\u00fd p\u0159\u00ednos tohoto z\u00e1kroku. <\/li>\n\n\n\n
- Filtra\u010dn\u00ed operace.<\/strong> Jedn\u00e1 se o chirurgick\u00fd z\u00e1krok zvan\u00fd trabekulektomie (truh-bek-u-LEK-tuh-me). O\u010dn\u00ed chirurg otev\u0159e otvor uvnit\u0159 o\u010dn\u00edho b\u011blma, kter\u00e9 je zn\u00e1m\u00e9 tak\u00e9 pod n\u00e1zvem skl\u00e9ra. Operace vytvo\u0159\u00ed dal\u0161\u00ed prostor pro odchod tekutiny z oka. <\/li>\n\n\n\n
- dren\u00e1\u017en\u00ed trubice.<\/strong> P\u0159i tomto z\u00e1kroku v\u00e1m o\u010dn\u00ed chirurg zavede do oka mal\u00e9 trubi\u010dky, kter\u00e9 odstran\u00ed p\u0159ebyte\u010dnou tekutinu a sn\u00ed\u017e\u00ed tak tlak v o\u010d\u00edch.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- Minim\u00e1ln\u011b invazivn\u00ed chirurgick\u00e1 l\u00e9\u010dba glaukomu (MIGS). <\/strong>O\u010dn\u00ed l\u00e9ka\u0159 v\u00e1m m\u016f\u017ee navrhnout z\u00e1krok MIGS ke sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed tlaku v o\u010d\u00edch. Obvykle vy\u017eaduj\u00ed m\u00e9n\u011b poopera\u010dn\u00ed p\u00e9\u010de a nesou ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed riziko ne\u017e trabekulektomie nebo o\u010dn\u00ed dren\u00e1\u017en\u00ed za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed. Obvykle se pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed v kombinaci s operacemi katarakty. K dispozici je mnoho metod MIGS a v\u00e1\u0161 o\u010dn\u00ed l\u00e9ka\u0159 v\u00e1m vysv\u011btl\u00ed, kter\u00e1 z nich by pro v\u00e1s mohla b\u00fdt vhodn\u00e1. <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n
Po z\u00e1kroku budete muset nav\u0161t\u00edvit sv\u00e9ho o\u010dn\u00edho l\u00e9ka\u0159e, kter\u00fd provede n\u00e1sledn\u00e1 vy\u0161et\u0159en\u00ed. Je mo\u017en\u00e9, \u017ee budete muset podstoupit i dal\u0161\u00ed z\u00e1kroky, pokud se v\u00e1m za\u010dne zvy\u0161ovat tlak nebo dojde k jin\u00fdm zm\u011bn\u00e1m v oku. <\/p>\n\n
L\u00e9\u010dba akutn\u00edho glaukomu s uzav\u0159en\u00fdm \u00fahlem<\/strong><\/h2>\n\nAkutn\u00ed glaukom s uzav\u0159en\u00fdm \u00fahlem m\u016f\u017ee p\u0159edstavovat nal\u00e9havou l\u00e9ka\u0159skou situaci. Pokud je v\u00e1m tento stav diagnostikov\u00e1n a vy\u017eadujete nal\u00e9havou l\u00e9\u010dbu, budete pot\u0159ebovat okam\u017eit\u00fd z\u00e1sah ke sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed tlaku v oku. Obvykle je nutn\u00e9 l\u00e9\u010dit laserem, l\u00e9ky i chirurgick\u00fdmi technikami. <\/p>\n\n
Existuje mo\u017enost podstoupit operaci zn\u00e1mou jako laserov\u00e1 perifern\u00ed iridotomie. L\u00e9ka\u0159 pomoc\u00ed laseru vytvo\u0159\u00ed do va\u0161\u00ed duhovky mal\u00fd otvor. Laser umo\u017en\u00ed pr\u016ftok tekutiny do duhovky. To napom\u00e1h\u00e1 otev\u0159en\u00ed o\u010dn\u00edho \u00fahlu pro odtok vody a zm\u00edr\u0148uje tlak na oko. <\/p>\n
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Jak\u00e1 je definice glaukomu?<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n
Glaukom je progresivn\u00ed o\u010dn\u00ed onemocn\u011bn\u00ed, kter\u00e9 m\u016f\u017ee zp\u016fsobit trvalou ztr\u00e1tu zraku v d\u016fsledku po\u0161kozen\u00ed zrakov\u00e9ho nervu, kter\u00fd vys\u00edl\u00e1 sign\u00e1ly do mozku a oka.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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Jak \u010dast\u00fd je glaukom v Turecku?<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n
Glaukom m\u00e1 p\u0159\u00edm\u00fd dopad na v\u00edce ne\u017e 70 milion\u016f lid\u00ed na cel\u00e9m sv\u011bt\u011b.
Glaukom je hlavn\u00ed p\u0159\u00ed\u010dinou trval\u00e9 slepoty, kter\u00e1 p\u0159edstavuje 12,3 procenta slepoty na cel\u00e9m sv\u011bt\u011b.
Glaukom je onemocn\u011bn\u00ed, kter\u00e9 postihuje a\u017e 5 procent lid\u00ed ve v\u011bku 70 let a v\u00edce a stoup\u00e1 na v\u00edce ne\u017e 9 procent u lid\u00ed ve v\u011bku 80 let a v\u00edce.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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Z jak\u00e9ho d\u016fvodu se glaukomu \u010dasto \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 „tich\u00fd zlod\u011bj zraku“?<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n
Glaukomu se p\u0159ezd\u00edv\u00e1 tich\u00fd zlod\u011bj zraku, proto\u017ee m\u016f\u017ee zp\u016fsobit trvalou ztr\u00e1tu zraku je\u0161t\u011b p\u0159edt\u00edm, ne\u017e je onemocn\u011bn\u00ed diagnostikov\u00e1no. V po\u010d\u00e1te\u010dn\u00edm stadiu se glaukom obvykle neprojevuje \u017e\u00e1dn\u00fdmi p\u0159\u00edznaky, kter\u00e9 by v\u00e1s p\u0159im\u011bly nav\u0161t\u00edvit o\u010dn\u00edho l\u00e9ka\u0159e kv\u016fli st\u00ed\u017enostem na probl\u00e9my se zrakem. V okam\u017eiku, kdy nav\u0161t\u00edv\u00edte sv\u00e9ho o\u010dn\u00edho l\u00e9ka\u0159e, zjist\u00edte, \u017ee ji\u017e do\u0161lo ke zna\u010dn\u00e9 ztr\u00e1t\u011b zraku. <\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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Co zp\u016fsobuje ztr\u00e1tu zraku p\u0159i glaukomu?<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n
Glaukom je zp\u016fsoben nadm\u011brn\u00fdm tlakem v oku. Tlak v oku (IOP) vytv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed tlak na zrakov\u00fd nerv, co\u017e vede k jeho po\u0161kozen\u00ed a nakonec k trval\u00e9 ztr\u00e1t\u011b zraku. <\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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Co m\u016f\u017ee zp\u016fsobit vysok\u00fd tlak na o\u010di?<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n
Tlak v oku vznik\u00e1 v d\u016fsledku poruchy dren\u00e1\u017en\u00edho syst\u00e9mu oka. Ve zdrav\u00e9m oku se uvnit\u0159 oka vytv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed vodnat\u00fd humor neboli tekutina. Kdy\u017e odt\u00e9k\u00e1 z oka p\u0159es p\u0159edn\u00ed \u00fahel, vytv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed se nov\u00e1 vrstva tekutiny. Tento proces se opakovan\u011b opakuje, a pokud je \u00fa\u010dinn\u00fd, udr\u017euje v oku st\u00e1lou m\u00edru tlaku.
Pokud v dren\u00e1\u017en\u00edm syst\u00e9mu vznikne probl\u00e9m a p\u0159irozen\u00fd odtok z oka se zablokuje a tekutina se za\u010dne v oku hromadit, co\u017e m\u00e1 za n\u00e1sledek zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed tlaku v oku.
Jednodu\u0161\u0161\u00ed zp\u016fsob, jak pochopit, jak se zvy\u0161uje o\u010dn\u00ed tlak, je p\u0159edstavit si, \u017ee jste v kuchyni a vid\u00edte sv\u016fj d\u0159ez. Jakmile se zapne kohoutek, voda se tla\u010d\u00ed do m\u00edsy d\u0159ezu a proch\u00e1z\u00ed do odtokov\u00e9 trubky. Pokud je v odtokov\u00e9m potrub\u00ed ucpan\u00e1, vt\u00e9k\u00e1 do n\u011bj voda, co\u017e zp\u016fsobuje zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed tlaku uvnit\u0159 potrub\u00ed.
Podobn\u011b jako by st\u00e1l\u00fd tlak v odtokov\u00e9m potrub\u00ed mohl \u010dasem v\u00e9st k jeho po\u0161kozen\u00ed a mohl by vy\u00fastit v prasknut\u00ed potrub\u00ed, m\u016f\u017ee trval\u00fd vysok\u00fd tlak v oku v\u00e9st k po\u0161kozen\u00ed zrakov\u00e9ho nervu a n\u00e1sledn\u011b ke ztr\u00e1t\u011b zraku. <\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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M\u016f\u017ee glaukom ovlivnit cel\u00fd m\u016fj zrak?<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n
Zrak, kter\u00fd je nejprve posti\u017een perifern\u011b, a pokud by nebyl v t\u00e9to f\u00e1zi \u00fa\u010dinn\u011b kontrolov\u00e1n, mohl by zp\u016fsobit tunelov\u00e9 vid\u011bn\u00ed. S postupuj\u00edc\u00edm onemocn\u011bn\u00edm doch\u00e1z\u00ed k dal\u0161\u00edmu posti\u017een\u00ed centr\u00e1ln\u00edho vid\u011bn\u00ed a pacientovi z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 \u00fapln\u00e1 nebo \u010d\u00e1ste\u010dn\u00e1 trval\u00e1 ztr\u00e1ta zraku. <\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Glaukom v Turecku je skupina o\u010dn\u00edch onemocn\u011bn\u00ed, kter\u00e1 zp\u016fsobuj\u00ed po\u0161kozen\u00ed zrakov\u00e9ho nervu. Zrakov\u00fd nerv p\u0159en\u00e1\u0161\u00ed zrakov\u00e9 informace z o\u010d\u00ed do mozku a m\u00e1 z\u00e1sadn\u00ed v\u00fdznam pro jasn\u00e9 vid\u011bn\u00ed. Po\u0161kozen\u00ed zrakov\u00e9ho nervu je obvykle zp\u016fsobeno nadm\u011brn\u00fdm tlakem v oku. Glaukom se v\u0161ak m\u016f\u017ee objevit, i kdy\u017e m\u00e1te v oku norm\u00e1ln\u00ed tlak. Glaukom je probl\u00e9m, kter\u00fd se […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"featured_media":39719,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"set","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}}},"class_list":["post-39718","treatment","type-treatment","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","treatments-ocni-operace"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/soracamed.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/treatment\/39718","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/soracamed.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/treatment"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/soracamed.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/treatment"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/soracamed.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=39718"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/soracamed.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/39719"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/soracamed.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=39718"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}